I will be typing Ra's Al Ghul from Batman Begins on Classical Jung using Psychological Types Chapter X. Talking particularly about which function type is used to further determine his dominant function, Ra's comes closest to a dominant intuitive type. The reason is that Ra's primary way to observe and process the world is through latent images. Jung describes intuition as unconscious images that rise from a priori. Ra's speaks in terms of metaphors, archetypal visions, and philosophical consequences. For example, "When the forest grows too large, the fire to it is inevitable." Or "When you make yourself more than just a man, when you devote yourself to an ideal, and even they can't stop you, then you become something else entirely. A legend, Mr. Wayne." In contrast to dominant intuition, a dominant sensing, thinking, and feeling type would have behaved differently. Jung describes sensing as a function that deals with sensory stimulus / concrete data. If Ra's would have been a sensing type, he would have seen the world in a concrete manner. Perceiving would have been more sensorily vivid, focusing dominantly on sensory aspects of the training, like combat, physical preparedness, and equipment. While he trained Bruce on these aspects, they were subordinated to his primary aspect of training - winning over fear (fear of bats in Bruce's case), which is more abstract than sensory. This eliminates ISFJ, ISTJ, ESTP, ESFP. Further, he doesn't come close to a thinking type because, again, his relation to logic and conceptual relation is subordinated to intuitive ones. A thinking dominant Ra's would have been expected to show primary focus on understanding world in a conceptual or logical way, seeing everything as a result of cause and effect rather than archetypal imagery. While we do see him engaging in strategic plans to destroy Gotham, its subordinated to intuition. Same with feelings, where a dominant feeling type would have been expected to see world in terms of values, affinity, and interpersonal relations. Ra's does share about his past story where he started fighting and leading ninjas to "maintain balance of the world", and how his wife was abducted, which led him to understand "some people should be fought and punished without mercy, without pity", but these are experiences which is human than having to do with any function. He doesn't let his or others values dictate his direction. This eliminates all thinking and feeling dominant types. Now the question is, if Ra's is leading with introverted intuition (Ni) or extroverted intuition (Ne)? Answer is that he comes closer to introverted intuition. Reason is that extroverted functions orient around objective factor, as per Jung, dealing with the objectivity of the object. While introverted functions are about the subjective impressions that the source/object leave on the subject (the person). Ra's seems Ni-dominant than Ne-dominant because his focus primarily goes towards the inner perception, the subjective factor of the images. These are the images as perceived by him subjectively, not the objective reality. A Ne type would be expected to perceive latent patterns with objects being as it is. While Ni types perceive images subjectively. What they perceive might not be perceived by another Ni type, as its subjective. Considering Ra's similarly, its about the images he sees, not an objective pattern which other Ne types can commonly agree on. For instance, his dialogue while Bruce recovers from frost bite is "Sometimes the memory of those you love poison your veins so much that you wish they never existed." Now other Ni types might not perceive the same emotion of sorrow with "poisoning of veins". This clearly establishes him as Ni-dom than Ne-dom. For auxiliary function, he comes closer to extroverted thinking (Te) than extroverted feeling (Fe). Te deals with objective logic while Fe deals with objective values. Ra's execution model used practical logic to organize external world, gathering people, training them, collectively leading them towards his vision of a "balanced world". In Batman Begins for example he used nuclear reactor to pollute Gotham's water pipelines with hallucination chemicals. Organizing plans to produce effective result comes closest to an auxiliary Te model than Fe. In contrast, a Fe would have been expected to consider objective values, influencing people emotionally towards the vision, while Ra's consistently dismissed values that others possessed. He mocked Bruce's rule to not kill, linking it with weakness. His tertiary Fi sometimes comes in to project his subjective point of view in terms of values. For example when Bruce denies killing the prisoner who killed his land lady for property, Ra's provides factual arguments - "Let him live and to be prosecuted by whom? Corrupt bureaucrats? Your empathy is a weakness your enemies won't share." This is why he comes closer to INTJ than INFJ. His inferior Se which is repressed, deals with objective sensation as per Jung. Its quite evident in Ra's teachings. More than focusing on raw combat, speed, agility, physical aspects of his students including Bruce, his top priority is to help them conquer their fears and traumas. He focuses in freeing everyone from archetypal and abstract weakness they possess than what is associated with sensation - Nutrition, body, physique, etc. While we see Batman transforming as per the basic training because its a movie and his physical transformation carries more symbolic weight than concrete, but whole plot becomes around "how Bruce conquers his fears of bat" than making himself physically and sensorily more capable. This repression is cost of Ra's dominant use of introverted intuition (Ni). Every student at Ra's montage very obviously goes through all form of training being trained for very critical missions. But the primary factor of knowing their preparedness, and even his orientation, is related dominantly to intuition. One argument that might come up is against inferior Se, how Ra's hands-on training be not Se? Anyone can be skilled in anything, including combat. The reason its inferior function is that even when training Bruce or others in physically demanding skills, his constant advise focuses on "conquering fear and doubts" that rise is one's mind. For example, in the famous sword fight with Bruce at arctic region, he constantly mutters sentences like, "To understand fear, you have to first conquer your own" and not something like "this move protects your limbs and ribs". Focus is directed to what's archetypal and abstract, not sensory. And to reclarify why Ni over Ne, Ne being an extroverted function sticks to the object, not the inner perception by the subject. Ra's symbolic associations constantly orient around what's subjectively perceived in the psyche than rooting in the objective reality.